Makhana Grades Explained: How Size, Texture, and Quality Impact Trade

Introduction

In the makhana trade, quality is not just about appearance.

It directly impacts pricing, export acceptance, shelf life, and buyer trust.
For anyone sourcing raw makhana — whether for domestic trade or exports — understanding grading is essential.

This article explains how makhana is graded and what truly matters in commercial transactions.

1️⃣ Why Grading Matters in Makhana Trade

Unlike packaged snacks, raw makhana is an agricultural product.
Natural variation is unavoidable.

Grading helps standardize:

• Size consistency
• Texture
• Color
• Breakage percentage
• Cleanliness

Without grading, trade disputes become common.

2️⃣ Common Size-Based Grades

Makhana is typically categorized by size:

Large Size (Premium Grade)

Preferred for export and premium retail. Uniform appearance and better expansion during roasting.

Medium Size (Standard Commercial Grade)

Most widely traded. Balanced between pricing and usability.

Small Size (Lower Commercial Grade)

Often used for bulk buyers, processing, or repackaging.

Size directly influences:

• Pricing
• Market segment
• Export suitability

3️⃣ Texture & Expansion Quality

Good-quality makhana should:

• Be lightweight
• Have a firm but airy texture
• Expand properly when roasted

Poor-quality makhana may:

• Shrink instead of expand
• Become chewy
• Break easily

Texture issues usually trace back to:

• Improper drying
• Moisture retention
• Storage conditions

4️⃣ Color and Cleanliness

Ideal raw makhana:

• Off-white to light cream
• Free from black spots
• Minimal burnt marks
• Free from dust and foreign particles

Discoloration may indicate:

• Overheating
• Old stock
• Improper storage

For export shipments, visual uniformity becomes even more critical.

5️⃣ Breakage Percentage

Breakage is unavoidable in agri products.
However, excessive breakage affects:

• Market perception
• Final packaging quality
• Price realization

Professional trade often specifies:

• Maximum allowable breakage percentage
• Minimum size threshold

Clear agreements prevent disputes later.

6️⃣ Moisture Content — The Silent Risk

One of the most overlooked grading factors is moisture.

High moisture can lead to:

• Reduced shelf life
• Mold risk
• Shipment rejection
• Loss during long transit

Proper drying and storage are critical, especially for export markets.

7️⃣ Why Buyers Should Ask for Clear Specifications

Before placing bulk orders, buyers should clarify:

• Grade and size category
• Moisture levels
• Breakage tolerance
• Cleaning standards

Transparent specifications protect both buyer and supplier.

Conclusion

Makhana grading is not just a technical detail — it defines trade quality.

Understanding grades:

• Reduces disputes
• Improves consistency
• Protects export shipments
• Builds long-term supplier relationships

In agri trade, clarity beats assumption every time.

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